in Attachment in the Preschool Years: Theory, Research, and Intervention, eds. M. T. Greenberg, D. Cicchetti, and E. M. Cummings (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1990), 161–82; Illene C. Noppe, “Beyond Broken Bonds and Broken Hearts: The Bonding of Theories of Attachment and Grief,” Developmental Review 20, no. 4 (December 2000): 514–38; Paula Thomson, “Loss and Disorganization from an Attachment Perspective,” Death Studies 34, no. 10 (2010): 893–914.
Today, disorganization is usually considered Main and Solomon, “Discovery of an Insecure-Disorganized/Disoriented Attachment Pattern,” 95–124.
“disorganized attachment behaviors are not” Barry Coughlan et al., “Attachment and Autism Spectrum Conditions: Exploring Mary Main’s Coding Notes,” Developmental Child Welfare 1, no. 1 (2019): 80.
I was even beginning to be able Marinus van IJzendoorn et al., “Dependent Attachment: B-4 Children in the Strange Situation,” Psychological Reports 57, no. 2 (October 1985): 439–51. There has been some debate in the literature about the validity of the B4 baby being considered a B at all. Because a B4 baby can so resemble a C, it is especially important to look at ecological factors, in other words, the baby in her life.
the mothers who seemed best Ainsworth et al., Patterns of Attachment, xx–xxi.
However, some of the most efficient Ibid., 325–40.
After the first round of Strange Situations Mary D. Salter Ainsworth, “On Security,” unpublished paper, 1988, http://www.psychology.sunysb.edu/?attachment/?pdf/?mda_security.pdf.
It was in this early mirroring Ainsworth et al., Patterns of Attachment, 358–60.
“The term ‘motherly care’ is too unspecific” Ainsworth, Infancy in Uganda, 397.
Mary’s original concept Mary D. Salter Ainsworth, “Social Development in the First Year of Life: Maternal Influences on Infant-Mother Attachment,” in Developments in Psychiatric Research: Essays Based on the Sir Geoffrey Vickers Lectures of the Mental Health Foundation, ed. J. M. Tanner (New York: Hodder and Stoughton, 1977), 6.
Instead, “the most important aspect” Bretherton, “Revisiting Mary Ainsworth’s Conceptualization and Assessments,” 21.
The sensitive caregiver picks the baby up Ainsworth et al., Patterns of Attachment, 359.
What Mary was looking for Bowlby, Attachment, 61.
But as Howard and Miriam Steele David Howe, Attachment Across the Lifecourse: A Brief Introduction (New York: Macmillan International, 2011), 70. Also, “coordination, regardless of infant age during the first year, is found only about 30% or less of the time in face-to-face interactions, and the transitions from coordinated to miscoordinated states and back to coordinated states occur about once every three to five seconds.” Ed Tronick, The Neurobehavioral and Social-Emotional Development of Infants and Children (New York: W. W. Norton, 2007), 171.
Instead, it was through the experience of day-in Bretherton, “Revisiting Mary Ainsworth’s Conceptualization and Assessments,” 22.
Within the parent-child interaction Ibid., 21–22.
For Mary, the word “delight” Ibid., 24.
Chapter Twenty
They gathered 180 children Sroufe et al., The Development of the Person, 13; “Minnesota Longitudinal Study of Risk and Adaptation,” Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota. The reason for this choice as a sample is described in detail in the authors’ book. In sum, this population in Minneapolis at this time had some markers for future problems such as stress, drug and alcohol addiction, and divorce, which would be important to watch unfold in light of attachment, but it was not such an “entrenched” poverty that many in the sample would not be expected to do well and break out of it.
One of the most compelling findings Jennifer Puig et al., “Predicting Adult Physical Illness from Infant Attachment: A Prospective Longitudinal Study,” Health Psychology 32, no. 4 (2013): 409–17.
From the start, these observations Sroufe et al., The Development of the Person, ix, 188.
A securely attached childhood led L. Alan Sroufe and Daniel Siegel, “The Verdict Is In: The Case for Attachment Theory,” Psychotherapy Networker 35, no. 2 (March/April 2011), https://www.drdansiegel.com/?uploads/?1271-the-verdict-is-in.pdf.
“Nothing is more important” Sroufe et al., The Development of the Person, 19.
“development is not linear” Ibid., 11.
“a dream of developmental psychologists” Ibid., ix.
It opens with the sound L. Alan Sroufe and Robert G. Cooper, Missy: A Developmental Portrait (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota