and
rebirth of
receding era of
use of term
see also biofuels; biomass; geothermal energy; solar energy; wind energy
rent-seeking behavior
Republican Guard, Iraqi
Republicans
research and development (R&D)
biofuels and
energy efficiency and
wind energy
reserve margin, electricity and
resource nationalism
Reulleaux, Franz
Revelle, Roger
exile of
Wirth’s correspondence with
Revolutionary Guards, Iranian
Reynolds, George
Rice, Condoleezza
Rickover, Hyman
nuclear accidents and
nuclear navy and
nuclear power and
Riso National Laboratory
Riyadh
Rockefeller, John D.
Rogers, James
Rogers, Matthews
Roman Empire
Rommel, Erwin
Roosevelt, Franklin
in election of 1932,
New Deal and
Roosevelt, Theodore
Rose, Peter
Rosneft
RosUkrEnergo
Rothschild family
Rough Guides
Rowe, John
Royal Dutch Shell
Royal Institution, British
Royal Meteorological Society, British
Royal Navy, British
Royal Society, British
Rubin, Robert
Ruhnama, The (Niyazov)
Rumaila oil field
Rumsfeld, Donald
rural cooperatives
Rural Electrification Administration (REA)
Russia
blackouts in
as BRIC
Caspian Derby and
Chechnya wars and
China’s relations with
climate change and
Cuba’s relations with
economy of
energy efficiency in
energy security and
entrepreneurship in
environmental violations in
extreme weather in
financial crisis in (1998)
gangs in
Georgia’s relations with
global economy and
Great Game and
independence of
international companies in
investment in
Iran’s relations with
Iraq War and
as LNG supplier
loans-for-shares in
modernization in
natural gas of
New Abroad and
nuclear power of
oligarchs in
as petro-state
pipelines of
politics in
privatization in
return of
strategic resources in
Tengiz oil field and
Turkmenistan resources and
Ukraine vs.
U.S. relations with
Russian Empire
Russian oil
in Azerbaijan
China and
financial crisis and (1998)
opening up of
privatization of
production decline of
vertically integrated companies and
Western efforts in heartland and
Western efforts in peripheries and
Western observation of
Russian Revolution (1905)
S-48
SAFE (Securing America’s Future Energy)
Sagan, Carl
SAGD (steam-assisted gravity drainage)
Sahara Desert
St. Petersburg
St. Petersburg Economic Forum
Sakaiya, Taichi, see Ikeguchi, Kotaro
Sakhalin-1
Sakhalin-2
Sakhalin Island
Saleh, Ali Abdullah
Samotlor oil field
Samson, Abbot
Samuel, Marcus
Samuelson, Paul
Sandalow, David
Sanderstolen
Sand Hill
San Diego, Calif.
San Diego Gas & Electric
Sandor, Richard
San Gorgonio Pass
Santa Barbara, Calif.
Santos Basin
Sarkozy, Nicolas
Saro-Wiwa, Ken
Sassure, Horace Bénédict de
satellites
Arab Awakening and
space race and
spy
weather
Saudi Arabia
Al Qaeda and
China’s relations with
Ghawar field in
Iran’s relations with
9/11 and
OPEC quotas and
security in
Shia in
terrorist attacks in
U.S. special relationship with
Saudi Aramco
Saudi oil
discovery of
Gulf War and
oil prices and
peak oil theory and
production costs of
production increase for
size of output of
spare capacity and
terrorism and
Sawyer, Diane
Scalia, Antonin
Scheer, Hermann
Schipper, Lee
Schlesinger, James
Schmitz, John
Schroeder, Gerhard
Schwarzenegger, Arnold
Science
Science Advisory Committee
“Science of Climate Change, The” (King)
Scientific American
Scotland
Scowcroft, Brent
Scripps Institution of Oceanography
Seabrook nuclear power plant
Sea Island Oil Terminal
sea levels, rise in
Second Assessment Report, IPCC
Securities and Exchange Commission
security
biofuels and
bringing China and India inside and
Caspian Derby and
of China
coal and
cyberattack and
defined
dimensions of
emergency stocks and
energy independence as
of Europe
global energy
Gulf War and
in historical perspective
international regime for
Iran and
in Iraq
9/11 and
nuclear power and
operating systems and
of Persian Gulf
price controls and
producer-consumer dialogue and
renewables and
return of
social instability and
of Strait of Hormuz
strategic significance of
of supply chain
Turkmenistan resources and
U.S. energy
U.S. national
Venezuela and
seismic technology
Senate, U.S.
climate change and
Seoul
September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks
Ahmadinejad’s views on
globalization and
Iraq War and
Sessions, Jeff
shale gas
shale oil (tight oil)
Shanghai
Shanghai Automotive Industry Corporation
Sharp
Sharp, Philip
Shearer, Gordon
Shell Oil
Shell Transport and Trading
Sherman Antitrust Act
Shevardnadze, Eduard
Shia
in Iran
in Iraq
Shiller, Robert
Shinseki, Eric
Shippingport, Pa.
Ships Bureau, U.S., Electrical Section in
Shi Zhengrong
Shoreham plant
Shrier, A. L.
shut-in capacity
Siberia
see also West Siberia
Sibneft
Sidanco
Sidi Bouzid
Siemens
Siemens, Werner von
silicon
Silicon Valley
Simon Property Group
Singapore
Singh, Manmohan
Sinopec (Chinese Petroleum and Chemical Company)
Sinovel
Six Day War
Sklar, Scott
small and medium reactors (SMRs)
Smisek, Jeffery
Smith, Frederick
Social Democrats, German
software
solar energy
in China
concentrated
in Europe
folding of industry
in Japan
in North America
passive (green buildings)
U.S.
use of term
see also photovoltaic cells
Solar Energy Industries Association
Solar Energy Research Institute
see also National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Solarex
Solar Power Corporation
Solow, Robert
Somalia
Sonic Cruiser
Sony
South Africa
South Caucasus Pipeline
South China Sea (East Sea)
South Coast Air Quality District
Southeast Asia
Southern California Edison
Southern Company
South Korea
South Pars Field
South Stream
sovereign wealth funds (SWF)
Soviet Union
in Afghanistan
Azerbaijan incorporated into
Bosporus and
Carter Doctrine and
China’s relations with
climate change and
closing off of
in Cold War
collapse of
containment of
economy and economic growth of
First Gulf War and
Kazakhstan and
legacy of
military expansion of
natural gas of
Nazi invasion of
nuclear accident in
nuclear energy of
nuclear weapons of
oil of
in space race
Turkmenistan and
U.S. relations with
in World War II,
space race
Spain, renewables in
Spano, Leo
spare capacity
spectrophotometer
speculation
Speth, Gus
Spratly Islands
Sputnik
spy satellites
Stalin, Joseph
standard of living
Standard Oil Trust
Stanford Industrial Park
Stanford University
Stanley Steamer
State Department, U.S.
Bureau of Intelligence and Research of
Conoco’s briefing of
Major Economies meeting at (2007)
State Duma, Russia
State Grid Corporation
State Oil Company of Azerbaijan Republic (SOCAR)
state public utility commissions
Statoil
Stavins, Robert
steamboats
steam engine
steamers
steel
Steinway, William
Stern, Nicholas
Stern Review of the Economics of Climate Change
Steward, Dan
Stewart, Richard
stock market, stock
bubbles in
Chinese IPOs and
in Insull
Internet
1929 crash of
in pension funds
Russian
Strategic Petroleum Reserve, U.S. (SPR)
Straubel, J. B.
Strauss, Lewis
Strauss-Kahn, Dominique
Stuxnet computer virus
submarines
suburbs
Sudan
Suess, Hans
Suez Canal
Suez crisis (1956)
suicide bombers
sulfur dioxide
sulfuric acid
Sumatra
Sumed Pipeline
Summerland
Summers, Lawrence
Sundsvall meeting (1990)
Sunnis
in Iraq
Sun Oil
Suntech
Sununu, John
Sun Yat-sen
supply chain, security of
supply shock
Supreme Court, U.S.
Supreme Court, Venezuelan
Surgut (Surgutneftegaz)
SUVs (sports utility vehicles)
Swan, Joseph Wilson
Sweden
nuclear power in
Sweeney, James
switchgrass
Switzerland
glaciers in
synthetic fuels (synfuels)
oil
Synthetic Genomics
Syria
Tahrir Square, Cairo, demonstrations
Taiwan
Talbott, Strobe
Tale of Three Seas conference
Taliban
Tanit, Tulsi
tankers
Caspian Derby and
increase in size of
for LNG
for natural gas
security issues and
in Strait of Hormuz
tanks
Tanzania, U.S. embassy bombed in
TAP, see Trans-Afghan Pipeline
tariffs
tax credits
biofuels and
electric cars and
wind energy and
taxes
alcohol
carbon
cuts in
on externalities
gasoline
of Gazprom
income
offshore oil and
in Venezuela
Tbilisi
see also Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan (BTC) pipeline
Technocracy
technology
CCS
China’s access to
communications
disruptive
electricity and
energy efficiency and
fraccing (hydraulic fracturing)
globalization and
horizontal drilling
information (IT)
Iran and
Kashagan field and
natural gas and
nuclear energy and
oil and advances in
oil sands
peak oil and
renewables and
seismic
shale gas and
smog reduction and
Soviet lack of
tanker size and
unconventional supply and
Venezuela’s use of
World War II and
see also specific technologies
technology transfer
Tehachapi Pass
telecommunications
Telecommunications Act (1996)
Teller, Edward
Tenet, George
Tengiz oil field
Tennessee Valley Authority
Terman, Frederick
Terreson, Doug
terror, war on
terrorism
cyberattack and
energy security and
in Great Britain
Iran and
nuclear proliferation and
in Saudi Arabia
U.S. embassies and
see also September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks
Tesla, Nikola
Tesla Roadster
Texaco
Texas
energy development in
LNG and
natural gas of
offshore oil in
renewable portfolio standards in
wind power in
Texas Wind Rush
Thailand
Thani, Crown Prince Hamad bin Khalifa al-
Thani, Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa al-
Thatcher, Margaret
3–D seismic mapping
Three Gorges Dam project
Three Mile Island nuclear accident (1979)
tidal power
tight oil (shale oil)
Time
Timor Sea
Titusville, Pa.
TNK
TNK-BP
Tokyo
Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO)
Top Runner program
Toronto Conference (1988)
Total (formerly CFP)
TotalFina
TotalFinaElf
Toyoda, Eiji
Toyota
Toyota Prius
tractorcade
trade
of China
electricity and
global
LNG
of natural gas
in Russia
trade barriers
Trans-Afghan Pipeline (TAP)
Transocean
transparency
Transparency International
transportation
electrified; see also electric cars
of natural resources, see pipelines; tankers
see also automobiles
Transportation Department, U.S.
Trichoderma viride
Trinidad, LNG in
Tripoli
Troll field
trucks
light
Truman, Harry
Tsongas, Paul
tsunami
Tunisia, Arab Awakening in
Tupi field
Turkey
Caspian Derby and
natural gas in
Turkmenistan
natural gas in
Turkmenbashi and
Tyndall, John
tzero
U-235 isotope
U-238
Ueda, Takayuki
Ukraine
nuclear accident in
Russia vs.
Ulam, Stanislaw
unemployment
in Iraq
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), see Soviet Union
unipolar world
United Airlines
United Arab Emirates (UAE)
United Kingdom (UK)
see also Great Britain
United Nations
climate change and
Eisenhower’s address at (Dec. 1953)
First Gulf War and
General Assembly of
Iran and
JFK’s address to
Oil-for-Food Programme established by
sanctions program of
Security Council of
weapons inspectors of
United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, see Earth Summit
United Nations Development Program
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
United States
antitrust in
arms buildup of
biofuels in
blackouts in
buildings in
cars in
Caspian Derby and
climate change and
coal and
cyberattack and
deepwater production in
demand for oil in
demand shock and
deregulation in
East Coast of
economy of
elections in
electricity in
electricity in, completion of
electricity in, “unintended hybrid” system of
emergency stimulus package in
energy efficiency in
energy independence and
energy security of
female voting rights in
financial crisis and
foreign relations of, see specific countries
gasoline prices in
global supply chains and
Great Depression in
Great Game and
Great Recession in
hostage crisis and
Hurricane Katrina in
Iraq War and
LNG and
Malacca Strait and
Mid-Atlantic states in
Midwest in
national security of
natural gas of
Nigerian oil and
9/11 and
Northeast in
nuclear accident in
nuclear navy of
nuclear power in
nuclear weapons of
oil consumption in
oil discoveries in
oil exports of
oil imports of
oil sands and
oil shale in
peak production predicted for
price controls in
R&D in
renewables in
shale gas in
Southeast in
Southwest in
Soviet collapse and
in space race
stability and
Standard Oil Trust in
Strait of Hormuz and
Strategic Petroleum Reserve in
Tengiz oil field and
tight oil in
total energy consumption of
total energy of
unipolar world and
venture capital in
West in
in World War II,
United States Bureau of Mines
United Technologies
Unocal
Upton, Fred
uranium
enrichment of
urbanization
Urengoy field
U.S. Climate Action Partnership (USCAP)
U.S. Windpower
Vanguard program
Varadi, Peter
variable-speed technology
Vekselberg, Viktor
Velasco Alvarado, Juan
Venezuela
aggregate disruption and
amnesty in
Boesi painting and
Chávez in
China’s relations with
coups in
economy and economic growth in
election of 1998 in
general strike in
la apertura in
nationalization in
oil of
Pérez reforms in
as petro-state
population increase in
poverty in
unconventional oil in
U.S. relations with
Venter, Craig
venture capital, venture-capital investing
in cleantech
Doriot and
photovoltaics and
start of energy focus of
Western growth of
Venus
Vermont
vertically integrated companies
Vestas
Vienna
Vietnam
Villach meeting (1985)
Vilsack, Tom
Vogtle nuclear power plant
Volkswagen
Volvo
Vostok
Voyages dan les Alpes (Sassure)
Wagoner, Rick
Wall Street
Walton, John T.
Walton, Sam
Wang, Chuanfu
Wang Jinxi (Iron Man)
Washington, George
Washington Energy Conference (1974)
water
climate change and
fraccing and
for nuclear reactors
produced
see also hydropower
watermills
Watt, James
Waxman, Henry
weapons of mass destruction (WMD)
Iraq and
see also nuclear weapons
weather
climate vs.
extreme
satellites and
strategic importance of
Weather Bureau, U.S.
welfare states
Wellinghoff, Jon
Wells, Richard
Wen Jibao
West Africa
Western Union
Westinghouse
Westinghouse, George
West Siberia:
natural gas in
oil in
West Texas Intermediate (WTI)
West Virginia
Wetherald, Richard
wheat, futures contracts for
White House
Cabinet Room at
solar energy at
White House effect
Whitman, Christine Todd
Wicker, William
Williams, H. L.
Willrich, Mason
Wilson, Pete
Wilson, Woodrow
wind energy
challenge of intermittency and
in China
cost of
electrification of
in Germany
global resources of
in Great Britain
in historical perspective
local opposition to
as mainstream technology
modern industry of
obstacles to
offshore frontier of
PURPA and
rebirth of
Rickover’s views on
shale gas and
size of
slump in
in Spain
U.S.
windfall profits tax bill, Section 29 of
wind farms
windmills
winds
deepwater production and
in Sahara
wind turbines
Wirth, Tim
Wolfowitz, Paul
women
Muslim
wood
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Woodwell, George
World Bank
World Conference on a Changing Atmosphere (1988)
World Economic Forum
World Meteorological Organization
World Trade Center
World Trade Organization (WTO)
World War I,
Anglo-German naval race and
end of
gasoline shortage in
innovations in
LNG and
nation and empire change and
World War II,
atomic bomb in
axis in
denazification after
Doriot in
Eisenhower in
end of
jungle rot in
LNG and
natural gas and
Normandy invasion in
oil and
Pearl Harbor in
Revelle in
Rickover in
submarines in
weather and
Xcel Energy
Yanukovych, Viktor
Yeltsin, Boris
Tengiz oil field and
Yemen
Yom Kippur War, see October War
Yucca Mountains
Yudan! (Ikeguchi)
Yukos
Yuschenko, Viktor
Zawahiri, Ayman al-
Zetsche, Dieter
ZEVs (zero-emissions vehicles)
Zhou En Lai
Zhou Jiping
Zhou Qingzu
Ziegler, Hans
Zoellick, Robert
Zond
Zuckerman Lecture
Zuma, Jacob
Zwentendorf
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