him to sit”: Mabel Bell to her mother, July 8, 1881, Bell Family Papers.
47 “like a Chinese lantern”: Bell, Upon the Electrical Experiments, 47.
48 Deciding to run a few quick tests: Bruce, Alexander Graham Bell and the Conquest of Solitude, 344; Tainter, “The Talking Machine,” 18.
49 In a simplistic way, the technique anticipated: In November 1895, Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen took an X-ray of his wife’s hand, which showed her bones and wedding ring.
50 The problem was that: Bell, Upon the Electrical Experiments, 47–48.
51 “returned vividly to my mind”: Ibid., 4.
52 “The currents induced”: Ibid., 2–3.
53 “When a position of silence”: Ibid., 3.
54 “brooding over the problem”: Ibid., 4.
55 “great personal convenience”: Ibid.
56 “received an urgent request”: Tainter, “The Talking Machine,” 18.
Chapter 15: Blood-Guilty
1 “Information had reached them”: “Guiteau in Jail,” New York Times, July 3, 1881.
2 “There were many who felt”: “A Cloud upon the Holiday,” New York Times, July 3, 1881.
3 “While it seems incredible”: Ibid.
4 “roar of indignation”: “Brooklyn Much Disturbed,” New York Times, July 3, 1881.
5 Rumors spread that a group: “Bulletins Still Eagerly Watched,” New York Tribune, July 6, 1881, cited in Menke, “Media in America,” 652.
6 On the top floor: Kalush, The Secret Life of Houdini, 177.
7 “a particular friend”: “A Talk with the Assassin,” New York Times, July 5, 1881.
8 Soon after settling into his cell: “A Great Nation in Grief,” New York Times, July 3, 1881.
9 “lobbying like any henchman”: Ackerman, Dark Horse, 363.
10 As he scanned the message: “Garfield Shot,” Milwaukee Daily Sentinel, July 2, 1881.
11 Across the street, the sidewalk: “Seeking for the Latest News,” New York Times, July 4, 1881.
12 As Conkling and Arthur entered the hotel: “At the Fifth Avenue Hotel,” New York Times, July 3, 1881.
13 “More than one excited man”: Ibid.
14 So suffocatingly crowded: Ibid.
15 By the time Conkling had his hands: Chicago Tribune, July 3, 1881.
16 “great grief and sympathy”: Ackerman, Dark Horse, 384–85.
17 “Chet Arthur?”: Whitcomb and Whitcomb, Real Life at the White House, 181.
18 “simple vanity”: Reeves, Gentleman Boss, 5.
19 Arthur was also widely known: Karabell, Chester Alan Arthur, 30.
20 “I do not think he knows anything”: Harriet S. Blaine and Beale, Letters of Mrs. James G. Blaine, 309.
21 “There is no place in which the powers of mischief”: Quoted in Reeves, Gentleman Boss, 241.
22 “a statesman and a thorough-bred gentleman”: “Seeking for the Latest News,” New York Times, July 4, 1881.
23 “Republicans and Democrats alike”: “A Cloud Upon the Holiday,” New York Times, July 3, 1881.
24 “Arthur for President!”: Williams, Diary and Letters of Rutherford B. Hayes, 23.
25 “There is a theory”: “Guiteau in Jail,” New York Times, July 3, 1881.
26 “I am a Stalwart”: “A Great Nation in Grief,” New York Times, July 3, 1881.
27 “This crime is as logically and legitimately”: Cleveland Herald, July 3, 1881.
28 “when a child”: Quoted in Chidsey, The Gentleman from New York, 354.
29 “Men go around with clenched teeth”: Quoted in Ackerman, Dark Horse, 385.
30 In a New York prison, two inmates: New York Times, September 16, 1881.
31 “While there is no intimation”: “Thunderbolt at Albany,” New York Times, July 3, 1881.
32 “that the ex-Senator had asked”: “The Scenes Up Town,” New York Times, July 5, 1881.
33 “Gens: We will hang”: Platt, The Autobiography of Thomas Collier Platt, 163.
Chapter 16: Neither Death nor Life
1 As his train pulled into the station: Bell to Mabel Bell, July 17, 1881, Bell Family Papers.
2 “Everywhere people go about”: “A Cloud Upon the Holiday,” New York Times, July 3, 1881.
3 Even the Fourth of July celebrations: Celebrations had also been canceled in nearly every other city in the nation.
4 “Men looked eagerly to the flag-pole”: “The Events of Yesterday,” New York Times, July 5, 1881.
5 “down upon the Executive Mansion”: Ibid.
6 “To Mrs. Garfield, a slight token”: Bell to Mabel Bell, July 17, 1881, Bell Family Papers.
7 Although his temperature had fallen slightly: Doctors’ notes, July 14, 1881, National Museum of Health and Medicine.
8 “severe lancinating”: Ibid., July 3, 1881.
9 “tiger’s claws”: “At the Patient’s Bedside,” New York Times, July 5, 1881.
10 More difficult for Garfield to deny: Doctors’ notes, July 4, 1881, National Museum of Health and Medicine.
11 Garfield had for years suffered: Garfield, Diary, June 15–July 19, 1875, 3:85.
12 Finally, a doctor told him: Ibid., May 24, 1875, 3:85.
13 Garfield had avoided such drastic: Peskin, Garfield, 433.
14 He received a wide variety of rich foods: Bliss’s notes, 11, National Museum of Health and Medicine.
15 “He was nauseated”: Quoted in Clark, The Murder of James A. Garfield, 89.
16 “No